Several experts who reviewed the paper said the changes could have perverse effects. “In our research, we have found that YouTube’s algorithms created an isolated far-right community, pushed users toward videos of children, and promoted misinformation,” Jonas Kaiser, an affiliate at the Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society, said. “On the fringes, this change might […] foster the formation of more isolated communities than we have already seen.” Jonathan Albright, the director of the digital forensics initiative at the Tow Center for Digital Journalism, said that while “reducing position bias is a good start to slow the low-quality content feedback loop,” in theory the change could also further favor extreme content. YouTube is experimenting with ways to make its algorithm even more addictive |
תגית: אלגוריתם
אולי קל יותר פשוט להגיד שזה קסם
Algorithms interpret potentially millions of data points, and the exact path from input to conclusion can be difficult to make plain. But the effects are clear. This is a very powerful asymmetry: Anyone can notice a change in search results, but it’s extremely difficult to prove what caused it. That gives algorithm designers immense deniability. |
בשבח המגע האנושי
“We’re really trying to think about this in terms of people making something for people. There is literally nothing automatic about this site. When the carousel changes, a human being changed it that morning,” Becker said. “How do we keep this audience connected?” he continued. “With the idea that somebody is presenting and proposing these films to you in some coherent way.” Coherence is a feature that none of the massive streaming companies can claim, even as they add more and more original titles to their archives. It may be the thing that helps set Criterion apart. |
קל יותר לסמוך על המחשב
The study also found that respondents expected governments to reduce the disruption that technology might have on their lives with regulation, limits on automation, and support for people affected by job losses. This “highlights the paradox in which we live,” the authors wrote. “People are disillusioned with governments, yet at the same time ask them to tackle the societal and economic negative effects that emerging technologies might have.” A surprising number of people trust AI to make better policy decisions than politicians |
באיחור, אבל בכל זאת מבורך
Civil rights advocates have warned for years that Facebook’s ads violated anti-discrimination laws because advertisers were able to use that data to exclude African Americans, women, seniors, people with disabilities and others. The Justice Department allowed a lawsuit to proceed last year over Facebook’s objections, arguing that the company can be held liable for ad-targeting tools that deprive people of housing offers. |
כנראה שמדובר בהטיה בלתי-נמנעת
Here’s what Pichai cannot say: The “mainstream media” are far better resourced, and their ideals of informational quality are much closer to the ones that Google’s machine rankings prefer. Mainstream media organizations have tens of thousands of skilled journalists. The organizations that Republicans compare The New York Times to are a fraction of the size, have far less training in the field, and often don’t even aspire to journalistic norms. The right-wing-media ecosystem has grown tremendously, but—with important exceptions—not through the kind of fact-based reporting that mainstream media have long valued.
Without the ability to simply lay that out, for obvious political reasons, Pichai could not realistically respond to the Republican attacks. |
בידי היוצר, או בידי המתבונן?
בשנים האחרונות הוצפנו ב-"אמנות" שנוצרה על ידי אלגוריתמים. וכמו עם שחמט וגם גו, נשאלת השאלה "המותר האדם מהמחשב?". היכולת של מה שמכונה הבינה המלאכותית ליצור משהו שמעורר הערכה אסתטית על בקרב בני אדם מכריחה אותנו לשאול האם רק אנחנו מסוגלים ליצור אמנות. כתבה ב-The Verge מביאה מספר דוגמאות של אמנות אלגוריתמית שאפשר לחשוב שהוכנו על ידי בני אדם. הכתבה מצטטת אוצר של תערכוה של אמנות אלגוריתמית ששואל מה כבר מייחד את האדם:
Kalyanaraman suggests that art made with AI demonstrates that computers may deserve credit as creative actors. The type of machine learning used by White and his peers works by sifting through large amounts of data and then replicating the patterns it finds. Kalyanaraman suggests that this is similar to the process by which humans learn art, but that our “mysticism” surrounding the notion of creativity stops us from seeing the parallels. “If a machine can make humanly surprising, stylistically new kinds of art, I think it is foolish to say well it’s not really creative because it doesn’t have consciousness,” he says. What algorithmic art can teach us about artificial intelligence |
רק העריכה? אולי בקרוב גם הכתיבה!
“I had feedback every day, all day,” Todd said. “I always just felt like a puppet master playing with everybody’s emotions and doing this with the characters.” Wattpad is going even further by analyzing data on its stories—including sentence structure, vocabulary, readers’ comments, and popularity—in an effort to deduce exactly what makes a book succeed. In time, it may try to automate the editing process. The One Direction Fan-Fiction Novel That Became a Literary Sensation |
באל(גוריתם) נשים את מבטחנו
The algorithm was junk. The data was riddled with errors. The calculations were so bad that the court would eventually rule its determinations unconstitutional. It had, effectively, been awarding benefits at random. And yet, when dressed up as a slick and glossy new computer programme, the algorithm brought with it an air of authority that was difficult to argue against. |